Male Infertility Challenges & Treatments

January 15, 2024

Male Infertility Challenges & Treatments

Male infertility is a significant concern that affects a substantial number of couples worldwide. Infertility is generally defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular unprotected intercourse. While both men and women can contribute to fertility issues, male infertility plays a crucial role in approximately 40-50% of infertility cases. Understanding the challenges and available treatments for male infertility is vital for couples seeking to build their families.

Challenges Of Male Infertility

Several factors contribute to male infertility, ranging from genetic and hormonal issues to lifestyle and environmental factors. One of the primary challenges is the impaired production or function of sperm. Sperm abnormalities, such as low sperm count (oligospermia), poor sperm motility, and abnormal sperm morphology, can significantly reduce fertility. Island Reproductive Services is committed to offering education regarding male infertility challenges and treatments. We have experience testing men for fertility as well as treating men with various medical therapies to help optimize sperm.

Hormonal Imbalances

Hormonal imbalances, particularly disruptions in the production of testosterone and other hormones, can also impact sperm production. These are common sources of problems. Conditions such as varicocele, a swelling of the veins that drain the testicle, can contribute to elevated testicular temperature, affecting sperm production and function. Additionally, genetic factors, such as chromosomal abnormalities or gene mutations, can lead to male infertility.

Lifestyle Factors

Lifestyle factors can play a crucial role in male fertility. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drug use, and obesity have been linked to reduced sperm quality. Environmental factors, including exposure to toxins and pollutants, can also contribute to male infertility.

Diagnostic Approaches

Accurate diagnosis is the first step in addressing male infertility. An evaluation first involves a thorough medical history. Semen analysis is an essential test that assesses the quantity and quality of sperm. Hormone and or genetic testing may also be appropriate once the initial evaluation has been completed. Other diagnostic techniques, like scrotal ultrasound, can provide insights into structural abnormalities leading to male infertility.

Treatments for Male Infertility

Several treatment options are available to address male infertility, depending on the underlying cause. Here are some common approaches. Men with low sperm counts may be placed on medicines such as clomid, letrozole, or hcg. We may recommend to some men that they freeze sperm samples if a long-term problem is anticipated.

Lifestyle Modifications

Adopting a healthy lifestyle can significantly improve sperm quality. This includes maintaining a balanced diet, regular exercise, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol, and managing stress.

Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)

In cases where natural conception is challenging, ART procedures can be employed. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) involves placing sperm directly into the uterus, while in vitro fertilization (IVF) with ICSI involves combining sperm and eggs outside the body before implanting the embryo into the uterus.

TESA

TESA involves the surgical extraction of sperm from the testicle. TESA-obtained sperm can then be used in combination with IVF/ICSI to achieve pregnancy. TESA can be used for men with obstruction of sperm release. The procedure can also be used in men without obstruction who do not produce enough sperm through ejaculation to lead to pregnancy.

Varicocele Repair

Sometimes, the blood vessels surrounding the testicles can be swollen and enlarged. The increased blood flow can affect the sperm quality. Most men with varicoceles do not require surgery, but a subset of men may benefit from the surgical repair of these varicoceles.

Donor Sperm

In cases where the male partner is unable to produce viable sperm, the couple may choose to use donor sperm for fertility treatments.

Vasectomy Reversal

During a vasectomy, the pathway of sperm from the testicle is blocked. However, sperm production continues. The reversal procedure can help re-establish the flow of sperm through the urethra. If successful, this can help achieve pregnancy without the use of IVF

Male infertility poses significant challenges for couples aspiring to start a family. However, with advancements in medical science, many couples can overcome these challenges through a variety of treatment options. At Island Reproductive Services, we are experts in providing the care that your situation requires. For more information or questions regarding male fertility, check out our website or give us a call at (718) 948-6100.

December 29, 2023

What Is Third-Party Reproduction?

Third-party reproduction is a reproductive solution that involves the use of eggs, sperm, or embryos that have been donated by a third individual outside of the intended parent(s). This approach offers options for individuals and couples who face challenges in conceiving or carrying a pregnancy to term. With a range of options available, third-party reproduction gives families hope and the option to expand.

Third-Party Reproduction

Whether due to medical conditions, infertility issues, or personal circumstances, third-party reproduction provides a pathway to parenthood for those in need. Island Reproductive Services is here to help turn your parenting dreams into a reality. Continue reading to learn more about third-party production.

Understanding Third-Party Reproduction

Third-party reproduction generally involves three main options— egg or sperm donors, gestational carriers or surrogates, and embryo donors. What a couple or individual decides on is based on their specific needs, conditions, and desires. You may need or want to discuss these options for many different reasons. Here at Island Reproductive Services, we can guide you through this process and make it easier for you.Egg or Sperm Donors

In cases where the intended parent faces infertility or genetic concerns, donor eggs or sperm can be used to achieve conception. Egg donors are typically young, healthy women who willingly provide their eggs to assist others in conceiving. Similarly, sperm donors are men who donate their sperm to help individuals or couples who require it for fertilization.

Gestational Carriers Or Surrogates

Although sometimes used interchangeably, gestational carriers and surrogates are different treatments. A gestational carrier is a woman who carries a pregnancy for an intended parent(s), but who has no genetic relation to the pregnancy. A surrogate is a woman whose eggs are used and who also carries the pregnancy. A gestational carrier is the preferred treatment when possible.

Embryo Donors

Some individuals or couples may use embryos donated by others due to their inability to conceive using their own eggs or sperm. These embryos are often surplus from couples who have undergone IVF and have agreed to donate them to those in need.

Reasons for Third-Party Reproduction

Several reasons may prompt individuals or couples to pursue third-party reproduction, including infertility issues, same-sex couples, medical conditions, and genetic concerns. Fortunately, there are plenty of options to consider to achieve a successful pregnancy. Some of the most common reasons for third-party reproduction include the following. Infertility

Infertility, affecting both men and women, can stem from various factors such as hormonal imbalances, structural issues, or genetic disorders. For those unable to conceive or for couples with recurrent miscarriages or failed fertility treatments, third-party reproduction can offer a path to parenthood.

Same-Sex Couples

Same-sex couples, whether two women or two men, may require assisted reproduction to achieve their desire for biological children. In these cases, one partner may provide the egg or sperm, while the other partner may carry the pregnancy or opt for a gestational carrier.

Medical Conditions

Certain medical conditions or treatments, like cancer treatments that affect fertility, may disable an individual from conception or carrying out a pregnancy. Third-party reproduction provides a viable solution to these challenges.

Genetic Concerns

Individuals with a high risk of passing on genetic conditions may opt for third-party reproduction to ensure a healthier genetic makeup for their child.

Learn More With Island Reproductive Services

At Island Reproductive Services, we have a full range of options through our New Jersey laboratory and office. If you are a current or new patient and would like to learn more about third-party reproduction options, contact us for more information! Check out our website or give us a call at (718) 948-6100 for more information.